Law Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs

In the article the features of application of measures of victimological prevention of crimes against children’s life and health are explored. The types of crimes encroaching on children’s life and health are defined. Particular attention requires the analysis of crimes committed by a special subject (parents or persons substituting them). The need to study a victim of a crime is due to an increase in the effectiveness of the prevention of specific crimes and the prevention of crime through the impact on the potential victim. The current state and trends of victimization of children from crimes against life and health are characterized. The importance of protecting the life and health of a minor, and the features of criminal liability, which is foreseen for encroachment on him, is determined. It is important to understand the potential victim of a child to determine the environment in which the child is located, the process of its formation, victimogenic factors and conditions. Since the victimization process is dynamic, due to the interaction of various components – a combination of circumstances in the life of the child and society, which determine the process of transforming the person into a victim of crime, they contribute one way or another to its implementation. The conditions of victimization are various phenomena of objective and subjective nature, which increase the child's ability to become a victim of a crime, because certain characteristics of the child determine the degree of its vulnerability to crime. The specifics of the child as a victim are due to age, level of knowledge, limited experience of life, conformal qualities, etc. This contributed not only to the allocation of aggravating features in criminal legislation, but also to the development of a system of protection for this category of people. The normative-legal basis of the activity of the subjects of victimological prevention, the system of measures that are applied to them is analyzed. The factors that determine the victimhood of children, as well as the interaction of the personality of the minor and the specific life circumstances that contribute to victimization are identified. Improvement of measures of victimological prevention on the general social, special and individual levels is offered.